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First Cardiologist Appointment: What to Expect

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If you’ve been told to see a cardiologist, you probably have a lot of questions and concerns. What happens when you get referred to a cardiologist? How can you prepare for the appointment? Will you have any tests that day? What can you expect?

What are the signs you need to see a cardiologist ? Maybe your primary care physician (PCP) has referred you to a heart doctor. Perhaps you have symptoms of a cardiac issue, such as occasional chest pain or shortness of breath. Maybe your family has a history of heart problems and you want to better understand your personal risk. 

It’s important to talk to a specialist who can address your concerns and recommend next steps. “My goals for the first appointment are to get to know my patient as a person—who they are, what is important to them, their concerns and worries. And then I focus on getting the health information I need to help them with whatever problem brought them in to see me,” says Fidencio Saldaña, MD, MPH , a Mass General Brigham cardiologist. Dr. Saldaña treats heart patients at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital.

How can I prepare for my first cardiologist appointment?

“A visit to any health care provider can be stressful,” says Dr. Saldaña. “But any time something is going on with the heart, there seems to be an added anxiety or worry about how serious the issue might be.” 

He suggests several things you can do to make the first appointment less stressful and more productive:

Dress appropriately: Wear loose, comfortable clothing. You may have to remove your shirt, take off your socks and shoes, or change into a gown. The health care team may ask you to wear a gown. One common in-office heart test, an electrocardiogram (EKG), involves sticking sensors to your skin. So Dr. Saldaña recommends you avoid using lotions just before your appointment.

Bring a friend or family member: “Having someone with you is very helpful. They can be an extra pair of ears, listen, take notes and remind you about a certain symptom or episode,” Dr. Saldaña says. “We’re not just taking care of one individual—we’re really taking into consideration the family, the patient’s support system. We want the patient and their family to feel supported and to have the information that they need.”

Arrive early: The average time of a first cardiology appointment is 40 minutes. Dr. Saldaña recommends arriving 15-20 minutes early. That way, you have time to complete important paperwork. You can also make sure the office has received previous test results and has your insurance information. Arriving early also gives you a buffer in case you get lost or have trouble finding a parking spot.

What questions will my cardiologist ask?

At the first appointment, your specialist will get to know you and start to understand your heart health. Dr. Saldaña suggests that you prepare to answer certain questions by writing the information down and bringing it to your appointment.

If you’re having any symptoms, your cardiologist will want to know:

• What they are
• How often they occur
• Whether anything makes them better or worse 

Personal medical history and family medical history

The health care team will want to know all about your health. This may include a wide range of things, including:

• Other medical conditions you may have
• Medications you take
• Previous surgeries or hospitalizations

“I often ask about things that may not seem heart-related, and some folks may be surprised and wonder: ‘Why are you asking me about this if I’m here for my heart?’” says Dr. Saldaña. “We want to get a sense of the entire person. Other illnesses could be involved in your particular issue with the heart.”

Your cardiologist will also want to know whether you or any close family members had certain health conditions, such as:

• Family history of heart disease, including coronary artery disease
• Congenital heart disease (heart defects at birth) 
• Early death (before age 60)
• High blood pressure ( hypertension )
• High cholesterol (hyperlipidemia)
• Type 1 diabetes or Type 2 diabetes

Medications

Bring a list of every medication you take to this appointment, including supplements and over-the-counter drugs. Better yet, Dr. Saldaña suggests, bring all medication containers with you. That will help your doctor review detailed information such as dosages.

Your lifestyle is an important part of your heart health , so your cardiologist will ask about your lifestyle and habits, including:

• Alcohol and drug use 
• Diet and nutrition
• Exercise habits 
• Smoking history
• Stress and how you manage it

Medical records and previous test results

If you’ve had previous appointments or tests, your cardiologist should review them. Ideally, that information should be sent to the cardiologist’s office in advance. But you can bring information with you. In addition, the front desk will ask for your PCP’s contact information, any other specialists you see and your insurance information.

“Your cardiologist is there to be a team member to make sure you receive the appropriate information on diagnosis and treatment if necessary. When you leave, you should feel listened to. You should have an understanding of what the visit was for, what the diagnosis is, and the plan moving forward.”

Fidencio Saldaña, MD, MPH Cardiologist Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Faulkner Hospital

What does a cardiologist do on your first visit?

Your first visit with a cardiologist will involve a physical exam and possibly some bloodwork and non-invasive tests. Non-invasive tests are generally pain-free. They don’t require any incisions (cuts) or the insertion of tools, except maybe a needle.

Physical exam

During your first appointment, the cardiology team will take measurements called “vitals.” This may include height, weight, blood pressure, breathing rate, resting  heart rate and body temperature.

Then your cardiologist will perform a head-to-toe examination of your body with a focus on your heart. They’ll listen to your heart and lungs by placing a stethoscope on your chest and back. They’ll examine and press on the blood vessels in your neck, arms and legs. And they’ll look at your ankles and feet for any swelling.

In-office heart tests

Depending on the information your cardiologist needs, you may have a few simple, pain-free tests during the first appointment. 

• Blood tests: Your cardiologist’s team may draw blood to test cholesterol level, how well your kidneys are working, blood counts and more. “Unless you’re instructed to do so, you can just eat normally and come on in,” Dr. Saldaña says. “If we need a blood test after you’ve been fasting, you can always return for that.”
• Electrocardiogram: An EKG uses electrodes stuck to your skin to measure your heart’s electrical signals. 
• Chest X-ray: This test takes a picture of your heart’s structures.

If your cardiologist recommends more complex testing, that’s usually scheduled for a later date.

What questions can I ask my cardiologist?

Dr. Saldaña asks people to bring a list of questions to their first cardiology appointment. That way you don’t forget to ask anything that’s important to you.

Consider asking your cardiologist the following questions during your first appointment:

• Is there a problem with my heart? If so, what is it called and what does it mean?
• What caused the problem?
• What are my next steps? Should I have tests or receive treatments?
• Where can I learn more about this condition?
• What can I do to improve my heart health and lessen my risk of complications?
• What signs or symptoms should I call you about? 
• When should I seek emergency medical attention?

Dr. Saldaña also suggests that you or a loved one take notes throughout the appointment so you can review the information again later. 

“Your cardiologist is there to be a team member to make sure you receive the appropriate information on diagnosis and treatment if necessary,” he says. “When you leave, you should feel listened to. You should have an understanding of what the visit was for, what the diagnosis is, and the plan moving forward.”

Learn about Mass General Brigham Heart services

Contributor

Heart and Vascular

What to expect at my first cardiology appointment.

If your primary care provider has recommended that you see a cardiologist or if you’ve already scheduled your first appointment with a cardiologist, you’re probably wondering what to expect.

Don’t worry, it’s natural to feel a mix of curiosity and perhaps a touch of anxiety. And to help ease any of this worry, we spoke with Nimesh Patel, MD , a cardiologist with Bon Secours – Cardiology , about what to expect during your initial visit and why taking this proactive step is crucial for your heart health journey.

Your first meeting with a cardiologist is more than just an appointment.

It’s an opportunity to assess and understand the current state of your heart health. Whether you’ve been referred by your primary care provider or are proactively seeking a cardiovascular evaluation, this visit lays the foundation for personalized care.

“At Bon Secours, we take a holistic approach when it comes to patient care,” Dr. Patel shares. “From evaluation to management of a patient’s cardiology disease, our entire office comes together to provide quality, compassionate care.”

Be prepared to discuss your complete medical history, including any family history of heart disease, past illnesses, medications you’re currently taking and lifestyle factors, such as diet and exercise.

Also, expect a thorough physical examination during your visit. This may include measuring your blood pressure , checking your pulse and listening to your heart and lungs.

“My goal is to make sure during the first visit that the patient and family fully understand their clinical condition and what treatment options are available.” Dr. Patel adds.

Depending on your medical history and the initial assessment, your cardiologist may recommend diagnostic tests, such as an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), stress test or echocardiogram to gather more detailed information about your heart.

Following the examination and any diagnostic tests, your cardiologist will discuss their findings with you.

This is an opportunity for you to ask questions, seek clarification and discuss potential treatment or preventive measures.

“As a noninvasive cardiologist with expertise in heart failure, left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and heart transplants, I treat common cardiology disease ,” Dr. Patel shares. “This includes management and evaluation of coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension and many more. Sometimes it’s helpful to display pictures and diagrams when discussing diagnoses or treatments with patients, so we do whatever we can to help them feel comfortable and informed.”

He adds, “I would be grateful for the opportunity to treat and help you as my patient – welcome to the family.”

Your first appointment with a cardiologist is a proactive step toward prioritizing your heart health.

Embrace this opportunity to work closely with a specialist who is dedicated to understanding and addressing your cardiovascular needs.

Want to learn more about your heart health? Take our online heart risk assessment today.

Also, learn about the heart and vascular care services we provide at Bon Secours.

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Navigating Your First Cardiology Consultation

Jul 15, 2024 | Health

Finding yourself at the threshold of your first cardiology appointment can bring a mix of emotions—curiosity, concern, and perhaps uncertainty. The journey from receiving a referral to a cardiologist to walking through the doors of a cardiologist’s office is filled with important questions. What does being referred to a cardiologist signify about my health? What preparations are necessary to ensure the appointment is as beneficial as possible? Will I undergo any tests during my initial visit, and what should I anticipate from the entire experience?

It’s common to feel a bit overwhelmed as you prepare to take this significant step towards safeguarding your heart health. Yet, with the right information and preparations, this crucial consultation can transform from a source of apprehension to an opportunity for empowerment. Knowing what to expect and how to prepare for your first cardiology appointment is key to alleviating anxiety. It ensures that you’re poised to gain the most from your time with your cardiologist, paving the way to a productive, informative, and reassuring experience.

As you stand on the cusp of this vital health journey, let’s delve into how you can best prepare for your inaugural cardiology visit, setting a solid foundation for a heart-healthy future.

What is a Cardiologist?

A cardiologist is a medical doctor specializing in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases related to the heart and blood vessels. Cardiologists have up to 16 years of education and are experts in managing complex heart conditions. They are known for treating conditions such as heart attacks, heart failure, and arrhythmias , among others. They also advise on heart health, helping individuals to control risk factors like hypertension and high cholesterol.

Why was I Referred?

You might be referred to a cardiologist for several reasons. A specialist’s evaluation is necessary if your primary care physician identifies symptoms that suggest a potential heart issue, such as chest pain, shortness of breath , or irregular heartbeat. Additionally, suppose you have a family history of heart disease or risk factors such as high blood pressure , diabetes, or a smoking habit. In that case, your doctor may recommend a consultation with a cardiologist to assess your heart health and implement preventive measures. In essence, a cardiologist plays a crucial role in both the management of existing heart conditions and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

How can I prepare for my first cardiologist appointment?

Seeing a healthcare provider can be a stressful experience. This stress often intensifies when it involves the heart, as there’s an increased concern about the severity of the issue. Here, we will mention a few strategies to reduce stress and enhance the productivity of your first appointment:

Preparing for Your Appointment

To ensure a comprehensive and efficient consultation at Vital Heart & Vein, gathering specific information ahead of time is crucial. Here’s a guide on what to prepare before your cardiologist visit:

Medical History Compilation

A thorough account of your health background is invaluable for your cardiologist. Be sure to include:

• Any past medical conditions, surgeries, or hospitalizations
• The presence of heart disease within your family

List of Medications

Document all medications you’re currently taking, including:

• Prescription medications
• Over-the-counter drugs
• Any dietary supplements, along with their dosages and how frequently you take them

Symptom Diary

Keep a detailed log for symptoms such as chest discomfort, palpitations, or unusual fatigue. Note the times they occur and their intensity.

Know Your Metrics

Being informed about your recent health statistics can aid in your discussion. Be aware of:

• Latest blood pressure readings
• Cholesterol levels
• Any other pertinent health figures

Prepare Your Queries and Concerns

Think ahead about what you want to discuss during your appointment. Jotting down questions or concerns will help ensure you cover all topics important to you.

By organizing this information beforehand, you maximize the effectiveness of your time with your cardiologist at Vital Heart & Vein. This preparation allows for a focused consultation that directly addresses your health needs and concerns.

Your Appointment Day

Preparing adequately for your Vital Heart & Vein cardiology appointment ensures a seamless and effective visit. Here are vital steps to help you get ready:

Important Documents to Bring

Make sure you have all essential documentation on hand. This includes:

• A comprehensive medical history
• A current list of medications you’re taking
• Any notes you’ve taken about symptoms you’re experiencing
• Results or records from previous medical tests
• Your identification
• Your current insurance card

Dressing Appropriately

Opt for loose, comfortable attire that will simplify the process of undergoing physical exams and any tests scheduled for your visit. For tests like the Electrocardiogram (EKG) where sensors might be placed on your skin, it’s best to skip applying lotions or creams right before your appointment.

Food, Drink, and Caffeine

Follow any specific guidelines you’ve received from our office regarding eating, drinking, or caffeine consumption before your appointment to ensure accurate test results.

Arrival Time

We recommend arriving 15-20 minutes before your scheduled appointment time. This extra window allows you to fill out any necessary paperwork, verify that we have received all pertinent previous test results, confirm your insurance coverage, and address any unforeseen delays, such as finding parking.

Bringing Someone Along

Having a friend or family member accompany you can be incredibly helpful. They can offer support, help you remember to communicate all relevant information, and help you keep track of the details discussed during the visit.

By following these preparation tips, you can ease any appointment-day stress and equip our healthcare team with the information necessary to provide you with optimal care. Your readiness contributes significantly to our ability to ensure that Vital Heart & Vein meticulously cares for your heart and vascular health.

What Will Occur On My First Cardiology Consultation?

At Vital Heart & Vein, your initial visit with a cardiologist is designed to establish a thorough understanding of your cardiovascular health. Here’s what you can expect during your first appointment.

Physical Exam

As soon as you arrive, our cardiology team will begin by assessing your vitals, which will include measuring your:

• Height and weight
• Blood pressure
• Breathing rate
• Resting heart rate
• Body temperature

Following this, your cardiologist will conduct a comprehensive physical examination of the heart. They will use a stethoscope to listen to your heartbeats and lung sounds when you breathe. They will also check the blood vessels in your neck, arms, and legs for any abnormalities or swelling and evaluate your ankles and feet to detect fluid accumulation.

In-office Heart Tests

During your first visit, depending on your specific situation, our team may perform a few noninvasive, pain-free tests to gain additional insights into your heart health.

Blood Tests

We might conduct blood tests to check your cholesterol levels, kidney function, blood cell counts, and other important health indicators. It’s usually unnecessary to fast before these tests, but you’ll be informed if fasting is required. If you need to fast for a blood test, it can be scheduled for another time.

Electrocardiogram (EKG)

An EKG is a simple test that records the heart’s electrical activity through electrodes attached to the skin. It helps detect any irregularities in the heart’s rhythm or structure.

Chest X-ray

A chest X-ray provides us with visual images of your heart and can reveal signs of heart conditions and lung and blood vessel issues.

Should more detailed testing—such as stress tests, echocardiograms, or angiograms—be needed, these will generally be arranged for a future date to provide you with a comprehensive cardiovascular assessment.

At Vital Heart & Vein, we provide patient-centered care focusing on your heart health. Your first visit is an essential step toward achieving a healthier, more vibrant heart.

What Questions Will My Cardiologist Ask During My Visit?

During your visit to a cardiologist, you can expect the specialist to engage in a detailed discussion about your health to gather essential information that will aid in diagnosing and treating any cardiac conditions. Here are questions a cardiologist may ask:

Symptom Description :

• What symptoms are you experiencing?
• When did these symptoms first start?
• Are your symptoms constant, or do they come and go?
• Do certain activities worsen your symptoms (e.g., physical exertion, stress)?
• Have you noted any patterns or triggers associated with your symptoms?

Past Medical History :

• Have you been treated for any heart-related or other medical conditions in the past?
• What surgeries or hospitalizations have you had?
• Do you have other health conditions, like high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol?

Family History :

• Is there a history of heart disease or other cardiovascular conditions in your family?
• Have any family members had heart attacks, strokes, or sudden cardiac death?

Lifestyle and Habits :

• What is your diet like?
• Do you engage in regular physical activity?
• Do you smoke tobacco or consume alcohol? If so, how much and how often?
• Are you exposed to any environmental or occupational hazards?

Current Medications :

• What medications or supplements are you currently taking?
• Do you have any allergies to medications?

Symptom Management :

• Have you tried any treatments or lifestyle changes to alleviate your symptoms?
• Have any treatments been effective or ineffective?

Assessment of Risk Factors :

• Do you have a history of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes?
• Are you currently or have you ever been overweight or obese?
• What is your daily stress level, and how do you manage it?

The cardiologist’s questions aim to build a comprehensive picture of your cardiovascular health, identify potential risk factors, and help formulate a plan for further testing, treatment, or lifestyle modifications. Preparing for your visit is beneficial because you can think about the answers to these questions and gather relevant health records.

Setting the Stage for a Successful Cardiology Journey

Embarking on your first cardiology appointment can be a significant step towards prioritizing your heart health. By following the comprehensive preparation guide we’ve outlined, you’re well on your way to making the most of your time with your cardiologist. Remember, the goal of this initial visit is not just to assess your current heart health but to lay the groundwork for a lasting, proactive partnership with your healthcare provider.

At Vital Heart & Vein, our esteemed cardiologists are dedicated to providing personalized, top-tier cardiovascular care. We understand the importance of feeling prepared, informed, and at ease from the start of your cardiac care journey. Our physicians and staff are here to support you every step of the way, ensuring that your health concerns are addressed and your questions answered.

To embark on your path to better heart health with a team that genuinely cares, we invite you to reach out to us. Booking your first appointment at Vital Heart & Vein is the first step towards a healthier heart and a brighter future. Don’t hesitate to contact any of our Houston area offices and schedule your visit. Let us be your partners in heart health from the initial consultation and beyond.

For a compassionate, comprehensive approach to cardiology, contact Vital Heart & Vein—where your heart is in expert hands. Call us today to book your Cardiology Consultation and take the first step towards optimal cardiovascular care.

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Questions you should ask during your first cardiology visit

Author: Scott Maffett, MD

• Health and Wellness
• Heart and Vascular Health

What should I bring?

• Current medications including dose and frequency. 
• Allergies or intolerance to medications. 
• Your past health history such as surgeries or major illnesses, especially those within the last year. 
• Your previous cardiovascular testing, including results if possible.
• Family health history that includes your children, siblings, parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles. Try to find out whether any of your relatives have heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol or aneurysm. Knowing at what age your relative passed away and the cause of death is also important. 
• If you’re having symptoms, be prepared to describe them and make note of when they started, how long they last, what seems to bring these symptoms on, and what, if anything, relieves the symptoms. 

Why am I here?

Make note of your diagnosis and ask what it means in ‘normal’ terms if you’re not sure. Not understanding your condition greatly affects your active role in your healthcare. Never feel embarrassed to ask questions.

What tests are needed and why?

What medication is needed and what does it do?

What can I do to improve my heart health?

Additionally, controlling other medical problems, such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, high cholesterol, smoking, chronic kidney disease, poor diet and a sedentary lifestyle can often directly impact your heart health.

Are there activities I should avoid?

Where can I get more information?

Asking questions and learning about your condition and health plan will make you an active partner in your care and can lead to better outcomes. If you have questions or concerns after your visit do not hesitate to contact the office or your provider.

• Are you at risk for heart disease? Download our free heart health guide

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11 Questions You Should Ask Your Cardiologist During Your First Visit

Prepare to ask your cardiologist lots of questions.

Seeing your primary care doctor for your annual physical or because you're being slammed with a virulent case of the flu is one thing. Visiting a cardiologist for the first time for possible heart issues is another. Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. for men and women, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: About 610,000 people die of heart disease in the U.S. annually. "It's intimidating to see a cardiologist for the first time," says Dr. Claire Boccia Liang, director of the Women's Heart Program for Morristown Medical Center, which is part of Atlantic Health System in Morristown, New Jersey. "I recommend patients come with a list of questions. This acts as an ice breaker and can help them remember issues they want to discuss." Don't feel limited by your list -- you may have more questions after the initial screening. Here are 11 questions you should ask your cardiologist during your first visit:

What symptoms are typical for heart disease?

While most people are aware that chest pain or pressure could be a sign of a heart ailment , many patients may not know about atypical symptoms, says Dr. Julie Ramos, a cardiologist with ColumbiaDoctors in New York City. Atypical symptoms of heart disease could include shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness and leg swelling, she says. It's important to keep in mind that men and women often have different symptoms, says Dr. Gerald Fletcher, a cardiologist at the Mayo Clinic Jacksonville in Jacksonville, Florida, and a spokesman for the American Heart Association. For example, men often report what Fletcher describes as classic symptoms such as chest pressure that may go down the arm and increase with physical activity or anxiety. Meanwhile, women may say they have a "funny feeling in the chest" or describe feelings like skipped heartbeats, he says.

What tests are you ordering?

It's important for patients to be their own advocate, which includes understanding why your physician is ordering certain tests , says Dr. Phil Adamson, a former cardiologist at Oklahoma Heart Hospital in Oklahoma City and medical director of Abbott, a global health care company that makes medical products. "Understanding why the cardiologist is taking a certain approach, such as ordering an exercise test, an imaging test or a more invasive exam, allows patients to ask more questions about what to expect, which can provide peace of mind," Adamson says.

What is my ideal waist circumference?

Your optimal weight depends on your height and build, says Dr. Richard Wright, a cardiologist at Providence St. John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California. A better question might be, "What is my ideal waist circumference?" he explains. That's because abdominal fat increases the likelihood of a future heart attack , so reducing the size of your belly is crucial. The average American woman should measure 35 inches or less in maximum girth around the waist. The typical American man should have a maximal girth of 40 inches or less. This measurement is not the same as your waist size, which you use to determine what size pants to wear. "This measurement includes the love handles and is usually above where individuals typically wear their belt," Wright says. A high weight circumference is associated with an increased risk for Type 2 diabetes , hypertension and dyslipidemia, which is an abnormal amount of fat in the blood, according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which is one of the National Institutes of Health.

What should my ideal blood pressure be?

A blood pressure of less than 120/80 mmHg is considered optimal for most adults, Ramos says. High blood pressure can lead to a heart attack and an array of other serious health issues, including aneurysms , stroke and your ability to think, remember and learn, according to the Mayo Clinic. You can fight high blood pressure by making lifestyle changes, such as exercising regularly , limiting excess consumption of alcohol, getting as close as possible to your ideal body weight and eating a healthy diet with less salt. One approach to healthier eating is the DASH diet , which stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.

How low should my LDL or "bad" cholesterol be?

Low-density lipoprotein, or "bad" cholesterol, is associated with an increased risk of heart disease because leftover LDL is deposited into your blood vessels. Doctors in the past recommended specific ranges for LDL. Today, they consider LDL levels as one of many factors in evaluating cardiovascular risk, according to the American Heart Association. The lower your LDL , the better, says Dr. Edgar Carell, a cardiologist with the AMITA Health Heart & Vascular Institute in the Chicago area. "We want this number to be less than 70 [per deciliter of blood] for most people," he says. You can get your LDL down through diet, exercise and medication.

Should I take a daily aspirin?

Taking a low-dose (81 milligram) aspirin daily -- at the direction of your physician -- can help stop tiny blood cells, or platelets, from sticking together and forming clots that can clause your arteries to clog, according to the Mayo Clinic. This could help prevent a heart attack. Your physician may recommend daily aspirin therapy if you have diabetes or another risk factor like high blood pressure; if you're a man age 50 or older or a woman older than 60; or if you've already had a heart attack or stroke. "Statins reduce levels of fats in the blood and can be extremely beneficial in maintaining heart health," says Dr. Powell Jose, a cardiologist at Sutter Medical Center in Sacramento, California. A daily regimen of low-dose aspirin isn't for everyone; Wright warns that it may increase the risk of bleeding for some people, and is not recommended for cardiovascular risk reduction in healthy people.

Are there activities I should avoid?

To boost and maintain your heart health, there are few, if any activities that are harmful, Wright says. "However, if you have a potentially life-threatening disease like cancer or blocked arteries that have not been treated with medication or procedures, then aerobic activities might be harmful," he adds. "You should discuss this with your physician."

How will my family history affect my diagnosis?

Heart disease risk factors and probability are closely linked to your family health history and genetics, says Dr. Garth Graham, president of the Aetna Foundation, which provides funding to nonprofits nationwide to carry out health initiatives. "Think of your family history as a visual for your cardiologist to evaluate environment and genetics where diseases occurred," Graham says. "Be sure to identify first-degree members of your family that have been diagnosed with ischemic heart disease or died suddenly before the age of 55 if they are men and 65 if they were women." It's particularly important for African-Americans and Latinos to provide such information, because people in these groups, some of whom live in medically underserved areas , face higher risks for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and stroke , he adds. If you don't know the full medical history of your family, start by asking your immediate family members. Find out if your parents, grandparents or siblings had heart disease or stroke and how old they were when they were diagnosed.

How will my personal health history affect my diagnosis?

It's important for your cardiologist to know whether you've experienced symptoms of heart trouble, such as fatigue, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing when lying down and rapid or irregular heartbeats. "Be sure to share any major prior or ongoing illnesses or diseases you've experienced," Graham says. "Give your cardiologist the details: how long ago it was, how long it lasted and any medications you took during that time. The same thing goes for surgical procedures. Share results from any recent lab tests or doctor visits."

What can I do to fight heart disease?

While you can't do anything about your family history, there are specific strategies for mitigating other risk factors for heart disease , says Dr. Julio Panza, chief of cardiology at the Westchester Medical Center Health Network in Valhalla, New York. Hypertension, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking and diabetes are among the risk factors that you can mitigate, he says. "To treat high blood pressure and cholesterol, patients should follow a healthy lifestyle by exercising regularly and eating a heart-healthy diet low in fat and sodium and take appropriate medications if needed," Panza says. "In terms of smoking, patients should quit entirely. For diabetes, patients should keep their blood sugar under tight control with diet, exercise and, if needed, medication."

What resources are available to help me understand and boost my heart health?

Inquire whether support groups, websites and mobile apps may provide you with additional background about your heart health and strategies for protecting it, says Dr. Sitaramesh Emani, a cardiologist at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. Marshaling every resource available can lead to better outcomes, Emani says.

Ruben Castaneda is a Health & Wellness reporter at U.S. News. He previously covered the crime beat in Washington, D.C. and state and federal courts in suburban Maryland, and he's the author of the book "S Street Rising: Crack, Murder and Redemption in D.C." You can follow him on Twitter , connect with him at LinkedIn or email him at [email protected].

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What Is a Cardiologist?

Here are some questions that you should ask your heart doctor on your next visit.

This article is based on reporting that features expert sources.

(Getty Images) |

What is a cardiologist?

Cardiologists are specialists who focus on the prevention and treatment of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels, says Dr. Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, president of the American Heart Association. He’s also chair of the department of preventive medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

Heart disorders include:

• Heart pumping problems (any disorder that affects the heart muscle).
• Heart failure.
• Heart valve problems or other electrical problems.
• Plaque buildup in the arteries that can cause heart attacks and strokes.

“The day-to-day work of a cardiologist focuses specifically on how we can improve patients’ lifestyles to prevent heart disease from developing or worsening,” Lloyd-Jones says.

How is a cardiologist's training different from that of a general practicioner?

General practitioners are trained in internal medicine to think about the whole body; cardiologists must complete that same training – three years of internal medicine – before they can specialize in cardiology.

Cardiologists are internists that do three to four years of additional training focusing on the heart and blood vessels, Lloyd-Jones says.

Within cardiology there are further specialties, such as doctors who specialize in:

• Catheterization lab work, also known as interventional cardiology , to open blocked arteries and implant heart valves.
• Heart failure .
• Rhythm disorders.

“Each specialist is an important member of the team caring for heart patients with a range of needs,” he says.

When talking about specialists who are surgeons it’s important to note that heart surgeons are not cardiologists, and vice versa. “Surgery is a very different training path,” he says. “Cardiac surgeons do general surgery then specialize in cardiac surgery.”

Be prepared to ask your cardiologist lots of questions.

Seeing your primary care doctor for your annual physical or because you're being slammed with a virulent case of the flu is one thing. Visiting a cardiologist for the first time for possible heart issues is another.

About 659,000 people in the U.S. die each year of heart disease, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . That’s 25% of all deaths in the country. “Heart disease is the leading cause of death for men, women and people of most racial and ethnic groups in the United States,” according to the CDC.

"It's intimidating to see a cardiologist for the first time," says Dr. Claire Boccia Liang, director of the Women's Heart Program for Morristown Medical Center , which is part of Atlantic Health System in Morristown, New Jersey. "I recommend patients come with a list of questions . This acts as an ice breaker and can help them remember issues they want to discuss."

Don't feel limited by your initial list – you may have more questions after the initial screening.

Here are eight questions you should ask your cardiologist during your first visit:

1. What are the symptoms of heart disease?

Typical signs of a heart ailment – such as coronary artery disease , angina (chest pain from reduced blood flow to the heart) or a heart attack could include:

• Chest pain or tightness.
• Numbness in the legs or arms.
• Pain in the neck, throat, jaw, upper abdomen or back.

While most people are aware that some, if not all, of these symptoms could be a sign of a heart ailment, many patients may not know about atypical symptoms, says Dr. Julie Ramos, a cardiologist who works for AdventHealth Ocala in Ocala, Florida.

Atypical symptoms of heart disease could include:

• Leg swelling.
• Shortness of breath.

If you're experiencing symptoms that could be a sign of a heart issue, seek medical attention as soon as you can.

2. Questions to ask your doctor about a-fib

Atrial fibrillation – also known as afib or af – is the most common heart rhythm abnormality, says Dr. Kristen K. Patton, chair of the American Heart Association’s Council on Clinical Cardiology. She’s also a professor of medicine at the University of Washington and an electrophysiologist.

During afib , the upper chambers of the heart pump irregularly. This arrhythmia is associated with stroke and heart failure. “The greatest risk of afib is stroke,” Patton says. “If you have afib, you’re up to five times more likely to have a stroke than someone who doesn’t have the condition.”

Afib can also lead to heart failure due to the weakening of the heart muscle.

Symptoms of afib include:

• A “thumping” feeling in the chest.
• Irregular, rapid heartbeat.

3. How is afib diagnosed?

Afib is often diagnosed with an electrocardiogram , but since episodes come and go unpredictably, your cardiologist may require rhythm monitoring with a Holter monitor (a portable electrocardiogram device) worn over a period of days to weeks, Patton says.

Some people use a smartwatch or an app to diagnose afib, but these diagnoses require confirmation by a clinician since algorithms can be incorrect.

4. Are there ways I can reduce my risk of developing afib or of having frequent episodes?

Research suggests a host of cardiovascular conditions can contribute to or exacerbate afib.

These conditions include:

• A prior heart attack.
• High blood pressure .
• Sleep apnea.

Keeping your blood pressure control is one of the most important ways to prevent afib, Patton says. Getting diagnosed and treated for sleep apnea could also reduce your risk of afib.

Other habits that can help you minimize your risk include:

• Exercising regularly.
• Maintaining a healthy weight .
• Minimizing intake of alcoholic beverages or abstaining completely.
• Practicing mindfulness meditation or yoga .

5. How will my family history affect my heart health diagnosis?

Heart disease risk factors are closely linked to your family health history and genetics, says Dr. Garth Graham, director and global head of healthcare and public health partnerships at YouTube and a past president of the Aetna Foundation, which provides funding to nonprofits nationwide to carry out health initiatives.

"Think of your family history as a visual for your cardiologist to evaluate environment and genetics where diseases occurred," Graham says. "Be sure to identify first-degree members of your family that have been diagnosed with ischemic heart disease (which is caused by narrow heart arteries) or (who) died suddenly before the age of 55 if they are men, and 65 if they were women."

It's particularly important for African-Americans and Latinos to provide such information, because people in these groups, some of whom live in medically underserved areas, face higher risks for:

• High blood pressure.
• High cholesterol .

If you don't know the full medical history of your family, start by asking your immediate family members. Find out if your parents, grandparents or siblings had heart disease or stroke, and if so – how old they were when they were diagnosed, and share the information you learn with your cardiologist.

6. What can I do to minimize my risk of heart problems?

Even if you have a family history of heart issues, “there’s a lot an individual can do to mitigate their risk,” says Dr. Rigved Tadwalkar, a board-certified cardiologist at Providence Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California.

These are steps you can take to mitigate your risk of heart problems:

• Avoid red meat and processed meats – or eat them sparingly. These foods are high in saturated fat, which is unhealthy for the heart.
• Consume alcohol moderately or abstain from it. Research suggests that heavy alcohol use may contribute to heart problems.
• Follow a heart-healthy diet , like the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains . For protein, consume beans , lentils and quinoa. Dark chocolate is also a good choice in moderation; it contains flavanols, which are compounds that have antioxidant-like qualities. Research suggests that consumption of flavanols boosts antioxidant activity in the body, and this reduces inflammation . Antioxidants are compounds that research suggests prevent free radicals from damaging healthy cells.
• Exercise regularly. The CDC recommends that you engage in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity, and 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week. Moderate physical activity includes brisk walking, and vigorous exercise includes jogging or running. The CDC also recommends doing muscle-strengthening exercises at least twice a week.

7. Should I take a daily aspirin? What are the benefits and the risks?

If someone has had a heart attack or stroke, they generally should take a baby aspirin daily. Aspirin thins the blood, which helps prevent blood clots from forming. That provides a fairly significant benefit to reduce recurrent problems that outweighs any risks, says Dr. Amit Khera, a professor of medicine and director of preventive cardiology at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas.

However, most people who have not had a heart attack or stroke before should avoid taking aspirin to prevent one of these events. This is because on average, aspirin can cause more major bleeding problems than it can prevent heart attacks or strokes for these individuals.

"For those that have not previously had a heart attack and stroke, aspirin lowers the risk of heart attacks by about 11% but increases the risk of major bleeding by about 43%," Khera says. "There are some people whose risk of a heart attack is higher and who are at low bleeding risk, who may still consider an aspirin. But that should only be low dose, 81 milligrams a day, and in discussions with their doctor."

8. What should my ideal blood pressure be?

Normal blood pressure is less than 120 systolic (the top number) and less than 80 diastolic (the bottom number), Khera says. Systolic blood pressure measures the force of your heartbeat on the walls of your arteries. Diastolic blood pressure measures the reduced force on the arteries when your heart relaxes.

“When someone’s blood pressure is elevated above that, they should always start with lifestyle interventions, because they make a big difference,” Khera says.

Certain over-the- counter medications, such as NSAIDs, can also raise blood pressure. Such changes could include adopting new eating habits, such as the DASH diet , which emphasizes foods that lower blood pressure :

Cardiologists can also treat high blood pressure by prescribing certain types of medications for hypertension , including:

• ACE inhibitors. These medications block the body from producing a hormone, angiotensin II, which causes blood vessels to narrow.
• Diuretics. These help your kidney get rid of fluid.
• Calcium channel blockers. Muscles require calcium to flow in and out of muscle cells. This type of medication helps block calcium from reaching the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels and the heart. This in turn allows the heart to beat with less force, decreasing blood pressure.

9. How do I find a cardiologist near me?

There are a number of ways to find a cardiologist near you, says Dr. Michael Chan, director of complex coronary interventions and chronic total occlusion at Providence St. Jude Medical Center in Orange County, California.

You can find a cardiologist near you by:

• Getting a referral from your primary health care provider.
• Obtaining a referral from trusted relatives or friends.
• Reading your health insurance company's list of in-network cardiologists.
• Reading the websites of medical practices with cardiologists, some of which include patient reviews.

Questions you should ask your cardiologist:

• What are the symptoms of heart disease?
• What is atrial fibrillation?
• How is afib diagnosed?
• Are there ways I can reduce my risk of developing afib or of having frequent episodes?
• How will my family history affect my heart health diagnosis?
• What can I do to minimize my risk of heart problems?
• Should I take a daily aspirin? What are the benefits and risks?
• What should my ideal blood pressure be?
• How do I find a cardiologist near me?

More From U.S. News

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The U.S. News Health team delivers accurate information about health, nutrition and fitness, as well as in-depth medical condition guides. All of our stories rely on multiple, independent sources and experts in the field, such as medical doctors and licensed nutritionists. To learn more about how we keep our content accurate and trustworthy, read our  editorial guidelines .

Chan is director of complex coronary interventions and chronic total occlusion at Providence St. Jude Medical Center in Orange County, California.

Graham is director and global head of healthcare and public health partnerships at Google/YouTube and a past president of the Aetna Foundation, which provides funding to nonprofits nationwide to carry out health initiatives.

Lloyd-Jones is resident of the American Heart Association and chair of the department of preventive medicine at Northwestern Medicine in Chicago.

Khera is a professor of medicine and director of preventive cardiology at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas.

Patton is chair of the American Heart Association’s Council on Clinical Cardiology. She’s also a professor of medicine at the University of Washington and an electrophysiologist.

Ramos is a cardiologist who works for AdventHealth Ocala in Ocala, Florida.

Tadwalkar is a board-certified cardiologist at Providence Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California.

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What to expect during your first visit with a cardiologist

Cardiovascular Services , News

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States, causing about one in four deaths.1 The term “heart disease” refers to several different types of heart conditions. Some patients are not diagnosed with heart disease until they have symptoms. The most common type of heart disease is coronary artery disease, which decreases the amount of blood that flows to the heart and can lead to a heart attack (chest pain, upper back or neck pain, indigestion, heartburn, nausea or vomiting, extreme fatigue, upper body discomfort, dizziness and shortness of breath). Other symptoms of heart disease include arrhythmia (chest palpitations) or heart failure (shortness of breath, fatigue, or swelling in the feet, ankles, legs, abdomen or neck veins).2

Patients who are at risk for heart disease can call the Heart & Vascular Center to make an appointment or be referred by their primary care provider. Patients do not need a referral unless their insurance requires it. Family history, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and smoking are key risk factors for heart disease. Other risk factors include diabetes, being overweight, unhealthy diet, being physically inactive, and excessive alcohol use2.

“It is never good to wait if you think you are at risk for heart disease,” said Cardiologist Dr. Donna Denier “We are happy to see you and help put your mind at ease by answering your questions and finding out if anything is wrong.”

According to Dr. Denier, the first visit to the Heart & Vascular Center will include a full consultation. The patient will be asked to fill out some paperwork concerning their history and health problems. Patients should bring any important records they have and any medications that they take.

The nurse will escort them to an exam room and check their blood pressure in several positions. An EKG will be done. The cardiologist will take a full medical history including their current symptoms, family history, and health habits like smoking, alcohol, diet and exercise.

“After that assessment, the cardiologist will perform a focused physical exam which usually includes listening to the carotid arteries, heart sounds, lungs, abdomen and examining the legs and ankles for edema and the quality of the pulses in the feet,” she said. “Next, the cardiologist will explain the findings and may recommend more tests or medication. The patient will be asked if they have any questions and advised when to come back for a follow up appointment.”

The Heart & Vascular Center provides a “one-stop shop” where patients can receive all phases of care – from diagnosis to treatment – under one roof. They provide all levels of cardiac care, including initial assessments, medication management, patient education, and device therapy. This comprehensive program features an array of services including a state-of-the-art interventional and cardiac catheterization lab, cardiac diagnostic testing, and cardiac rehabilitation programs.

1 https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm 2 https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/about.htm

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What to Expect at First Cardiology Appointment?

In this article, we will walk you through expect at first cardiology appointment , from scheduling to follow-up care. Whether you’re going for a routine check-up or seeking help for a specific heart issue, understanding the process can help ease any anxiety and ensure a productive visit.

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What happens at a cardiology appointment

Once you’ve scheduled your appointment, it’s time to prepare for what happens during the visit. Here’s what you can expect:

1. Check-In and Paperwork

On the day of your appointment, arrive a little early to complete any necessary paperwork. You’ll likely be asked to provide updated personal and insurance information, sign consent forms, and complete a medical history questionnaire. This paperwork helps the cardiologist understand your overall health and any potential risk factors.

2. Physical Examination

After completing the paperwork, you’ll meet with a nurse or medical assistant who will take your vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and weight. These measurements provide baseline information for the cardiologist to assess your heart health.

3. Discussion with the Cardiologist

Once the preliminary assessments are done, you’ll meet with the cardiologist. During this discussion, the cardiologist will ask you about your medical history, current symptoms, and any concerns you may have. Be honest and detailed in your responses, as this information is crucial for an accurate diagnosis.

4. Diagnostic Tests

Depending on your symptoms and medical history, the cardiologist may order diagnostic tests. These tests can include:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) : This test records the electrical activity of your heart and can help diagnose irregular heart rhythms or other cardiac issues.
• Echocardiogram : An ultrasound of the heart that provides images of its structure and function, helping diagnose problems with the heart’s valves, chambers, or blood flow.
• Stress Test : This test evaluates your heart’s performance during physical activity and can detect problems with blood flow to the heart muscle.
• Holter Monitor : A portable device that records your heart’s electrical activity over a 24-hour period, useful for diagnosing irregular heart rhythms that may not occur during a brief office visit.
• Cardiac Catheterization : A more invasive procedure that involves threading a thin tube through blood vessels to directly assess blood flow and identify blockages.

5. Discussion of Findings and Treatment Plan

Once the diagnostic tests are complete, the cardiologist will discuss their findings with you. If they identify any heart conditions or concerns, they will explain the diagnosis and recommended treatment options. This is your opportunity to ask questions and fully understand your condition and treatment plan.

6. Follow-Up and Next Steps

Depending on your diagnosis and treatment plan, the cardiologist may schedule follow-up appointments or recommend lifestyle changes, medications, or further interventions. It’s essential to follow your cardiologist’s guidance to manage your heart health effectively.

Reasons for a Cardiology Appointment

Scheduling a cardiology appointment is essential for various reasons related to heart health and overall cardiovascular well-being. There are several common factors that may warrant a visit to a cardiologist to ensure appropriate evaluation, diagnosis, and management of potential cardiac conditions.

One significant reason for a cardiology appointment is experiencing symptoms suggestive of heart disease . These symptoms may include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, palpitations, dizziness, fainting episodes, or unexplained fatigue.

Consulting a cardiologist allows for a comprehensive assessment of these symptoms, as they can be indicators of underlying cardiovascular issues such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, or heart valve abnormalities.

Symptoms Leading to Referral

When your body sends signals, it’s essential to listen. Common symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, dizziness, fainting episodes, or unexplained fatigue can be red flags. They might signify underlying cardiac conditions such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, or heart valve abnormalities. A cardiology appointment is your gateway to a thorough evaluation and proper management.

Pre-existing Conditions

Certain pre-existing conditions can significantly impact your heart health, making regular cardiology check-ups a must. Conditions like hypertension, or high blood pressure, require careful monitoring and specialized care to prevent heart disease, stroke, and other complications. Your cardiologist can guide you in controlling hypertension and reducing risks.

Preparing for Your First Appointment

Preparing for your first cardiology appointment can help ensure a productive and informative visit. Here are some steps you can take to make the most of your initial consultation with a cardiologist.

First, gather and organize your medical records and relevant documents. This may include previous test results, imaging reports, medication lists, and a detailed medical history. Having these documents readily available will provide the cardiologist with valuable insights into your health and aid in the evaluation process.

Gather Your Records: Organize your medical records, test results, imaging reports, medication lists, and a detailed medical history. This information will provide crucial insights into your health.

Share Your Story: Be ready to discuss your medical history, including previous cardiovascular conditions, surgeries, and risk factors like family history, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or smoking history. Transparent communication empowers your cardiologist.

Bring Documentation: Don’t forget to bring any relevant medical records, such as previous test results, ECGs, stress test results, and other pertinent information. These documents are invaluable in crafting your tailored treatment plan.

Post-Appointment Expectations

After your cardiology appointment, it is important to understand what to expect and how to navigate the post-appointment phase to continue your journey towards better cardiovascular health. Here are some post-appointment expectations to keep in mind.

Firstly, you may receive a summary of your appointment, which may include the diagnosis, treatment plan, and any recommended lifestyle modifications or medications. It is crucial to carefully review this summary and ensure that you understand the instructions provided. If you have any questions or concerns, do not hesitate to reach out to your cardiologist for clarification or further guidance.

Review Your Summary : Carefully review the summary, which includes your diagnosis, treatment plan, and recommended lifestyle changes or medications. Reach out to your cardiologist if you have any questions or concerns.

Understanding Test Results : Your cardiologist will help you understand your test results, explaining their implications for your cardiovascular well-being. This discussion forms the foundation for your next steps.

Next Steps and Follow-up : Depending on your condition and test results, further diagnostic evaluations or treatments may be recommended. Following through with these recommendations ensures comprehensive care and optimal heart health.

A cardiology appointment is a crucial step in maintaining or improving your heart health. Understanding the process, from scheduling to follow-up care, can help you make the most of your visit. Remember to be honest and thorough when discussing your medical history and symptoms with the cardiologist.

Additionally, don’t hesitate to ask questions and seek clarification on any aspect of your diagnosis or treatment plan. By actively participating in your heart care, you can work with your cardiologist to ensure a healthier heart and a better quality of life.

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If you or someone with you is experiencing any symptoms of a heart attack, call 911 immediately or go directly to the nearest emergency room.

The heart care experts at Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital focus on preventing, diagnosing and treating disorders of the heart and circulatory system that can lead to heart attack, stroke and other serious conditions. Here, care is a collaborative effort, where board-certified doctors, surgeons, nurses and clinicians provide personalized and compassionate care and support — partnering with the patient and their loved ones to help promote healing and recovery.

Our expert team of cardiac specialists, combined with state-of-the-art facilities and advanced technology, are why so many choose us to care for their hearts.

Choose Expert Heart & Vascular Care

The cardiac surgery facilities at Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital are equipped to handle a full array of the most current procedures, including coronary artery bypass graft surgery, aortobifemoral bypass, heart valve repair, endovascular repair, commissurotomy, valvuloplasty, heart valve replacement and aneurysm repair. The advanced video integration systems in our surgical suites allow our surgeons immediate access to imaging and lab results, and other vital information at the touch of a button.

Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital’s Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit features private rooms with a low patient-to-nurse ratio, providing patients with the best possible environment to begin their recovery after cardiovascular surgery. Dedicated heart-care units range from intensive and postoperative to observation based on each patient’s needs and recovery progress. Each stage of care features advanced monitoring technology and a team focused on complete and compassionate care.

Patients needing medical treatment for heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmia) can depend on the experts at the Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab to provide the care you need. Special technologies that measure the heart’s activity can help doctors diagnose arrhythmia and evaluate the overall condition of your heart. These include:

• Cardiac event monitor
• Echocardiogram
• Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
• Holter monitor
• Stress test

Treatments for arrhythmia are based on the type and severity of the condition. We offer a range of options, including:

• Lifestyle modification and medical management – Caffeine, alcohol and stress are known factors in causing arrhythmias. Our specialists can provide education and resources to help you make changes in your lifestyle that can eliminate heart rhythm disorders. If needed, medication therapies can be used in combination with lifestyle changes.
• Cardioversion – This technique uses an ECG monitor and a defibrillator to treat fast arrhythmias.
• Catheter ablation – A narrow tube, or catheter, is inserted into a vein that leads to your heart. Using imaging technology, the catheter is guided to the tissue causing your irregular heartbeats and releases either cold or high-heat energy to eliminate the abnormal cells.
• Implantable devices –Placed just under the skin, these devices help regulate heartbeat by sending electrical signals to the heart when needed. A pacemaker is used to regulate a slow heartbeat and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) regulates a fast heartbeat.
• Surgical ablation – If other treatment options are unsuccessful in managing arrhythmia, surgery may be the best option.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. Our cardiovascular team is expertly trained and experienced in diagnosing, treating and aiding in the prevention of all forms of heart and vascular disease, so you can be assured your health is in good hands.

Cardiovascular Diagnosis

When you come to Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital for a cardiovascular checkup or consultation, your doctor may decide to order some tests to most effectively evaluate and diagnose your heart health. These tests can show your doctor how your heart looks and functions, including:

• The presence of cardiovascular disease or other serious chronic conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes or coronary heart disease
• If the heart is pumping blood effectively
• Irregularities in heartbeat
• Visible signs of any heart damage or defects

The sooner your symptoms are evaluated, the sooner we can diagnose your condition and begin appropriate treatment. When heart issues are diagnosed in the early stages, you have a better chance of managing them with your doctor’s help and enjoying an enhanced quality of life.

Testing for Heart Disease

At the Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab, we utilize a wide range of diagnostic equipment and tests to accurately identify your condition in a timely manner. These include:

• Blood test – This simple lab test can show the cardiologist signs of heart disease.
• Cardiac catheterization – Also known as a coronary angiogram, this test uses X-ray images (fluoroscopy) to show the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively. It also measures blood pressure and assesses the health of the arteries and valves. This procedure also may be used to collect blood samples and biopsies.
• Electrophysiology studies – This group of tests includes electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) and transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) and results are often available the same day. With an EKG/ECG, sensors attached to your chest measure electrical activity of the heart. Muscle damage to the heart also can be detected.
• Noninvasive imaging technologies – Using magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomography angiography (CTA), X-ray or echocardiogram technologies, these tests provide images of the heart muscle, valves, arteries and veins.
• Nuclear medicine scans – This type of testing may involve a positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scan, or thallium or myocardial perfusion scan, which inject a small dose of radioactive material to show blood flow and overall heart structure.
• Stress test – This common test measures how the heart and blood vessels respond to a calculated increase in physical activity.

Specialists at the Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab utilize advanced diagnostic technology to evaluate the condition of your heart in order to identify, treat and help prevent heart failure. Our care includes:

• Medical management – Our cardiologists will develop a program tailored specifically for you that combines medication therapies and lifestyle modifications so you can effectively manage your heart failure. Medications are used to prevent clotting, slow heart rate, adjust hormone levels, lower blood pressure and eliminate excess water.
• Risk-factor management – We will guide you in making changes in your lifestyle, including nutrition, exercise and stress management, to prevent further damage to your heart and help you lead a healthier life.
• Minimally invasive cardiac catheterization techniques – Procedures such as stent placement and angioplasty to open up blocked or narrowed arteries can be done on an outpatient basis.
• Surgery ­– If surgery is the best option to manage your heart failure, we use minimally invasive procedures whenever possible. Cardiac surgeons at Bayfront Health St. Petersburg may use implantable devices, such as pacemakers and defibrillators, to treat your heart failure symptoms.

At the Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab, our experts utilize advanced technologies and nonsurgical treatment options to provide heart care whenever appropriate.

When interventional methods are needed, we often can perform minimally invasive procedures that use small incisions instead of open-heart surgery, which requires larger incisions. Minimally invasive procedures are performed using a catheter (thin, flexible tube), which is inserted into a vein or artery. It is then guided to the heart with the assistance of advanced camera and imaging technologies to open blocked arteries and improve blood flow. Because of their smaller incisions and advanced instrumentation, minimally invasive procedures mean less postoperative pain and a quicker recovery for patients.

Catheter-Assisted Procedures

Our board-certified specialists use a variety of minimally invasive catheter-assisted techniques to treat heart disease, including:

• Ablation – Used to correct heart arrhythmias, a long, flexible catheter is inserted into a vein or artery through the groin and guided to your heart where it releases energy to modify the tissues causing the irregular heart rhythm.
• Angioplasty – This procedure is used to open blocked or narrowed arteries in the heart, helping to relieve symptoms such as chest pain and difficulty breathing. With this procedure, the catheter carries a tiny balloon that is placed to widen the narrowed artery. After the catheter is inserted, a laser may be used to break up plaque.
• Coronary atherectomy – With this treatment, a catheter is fitted with a tiny rotating blade and inserted into a blocked artery to remove hardened plaque.
• Diagnostic cardiac catheterization – This diagnostic procedure enables a cardiologist to view heart images that measure blood flow, blood pressure and oxygen levels. Cardiac catheterization also can be used to collect blood samples and biopsies.
• Stent placement – In this procedure, a small mesh tube known as a stent is inserted into an artery to hold it open and improve blood flow.

The Vein Clinic at Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital diagnoses and treats many venous (vein) conditions. To get you back to living well quickly, we offer minimally invasive treatment options that use smaller surgical cuts to reduce pain and speed up recovery.

Conditions We Treat

Vein conditions can happen at every stage of life. We use advanced diagnostic ultrasounds to determine your specific vein condition. We offer comprehensive care for the following conditions:

• Bulging veins
• Chronic venous insufficiency or CVI (veins with problems transporting blood)
• Discoloration of the skin
• Leg heaviness or fatigue
• Leg pain or swelling
• Swollen limbs
• Ulcers (open wounds) on lower extremities
• Varicose veins
• Weeping wounds, or wounds that don't heal

Treatments We Offer

Our specialists will create a personalized treatment plan to address your specific vein condition and get you on the road to recovery. These treatments ensure you get the best possible care with the quickest possible recovery.

• Radiofrequency (RF) ablation (using radio signals to destroy and collapse a vein)
• Sclerotherapy procedure (injecting foam into the veins to close them)
• Surgical ligation (tying off) and stripping of veins (tying and removing the vein through small cuts)
• Phlebectomy procedure (removing veins with a small knife or needle)

For more information or to schedule a consultation, please contact us at (727) 893-6570 .

­­View Our Network of Cardiovascular Physicians

Find your doctor from more than 500 specialty and primary care physicians with offices located throughout greater St. Petersburg.

Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab

Located in the James Heart Center, the Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab offers a wide spectrum of diagnostic and treatment tools to identify cardiac conditions quickly and accurately. In fact, our center offers more cardiac testing and treatment space than any other provider in the St. Petersburg/Pinellas County area, and patients are only steps from Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital’s cardiac surgical program.

Our freestanding cath lab includes:

• Eight private rooms designed with a focus on patient comfort
• Three cardiovascular catheterization laboratories for arrhythmia studies, stenting  and angioplasty
• Suites dedicated to ECHO, EKG and TEE/transesophageal echocardiography
• Two electrophysiology labs specially equipped to study and treat electrical issues in the heart, such as arrhythmia
• Quick, seamless transport to Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital’s cardiac surgical or intensive care units, if needed

Cardiovascular, thoracic and endovascular surgeons at the Orlando Health Bayfront Hospital Cardiac Cath Lab provide a comprehensive range of surgical treatment options, including:

• Angiojet thrombectomy
• Ascending aorta arch, thoracic and abdominal aneurysm repair
• Cardiac assist (ventricular assist device)
• Cardiac remodeling
• Cardiac valve replacement and repair
• Carotid endarterectomy and stenting
• Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) on and off pump
• Endoscopic vessel harvesting
• Endovascular peripheral angioplasty, stenting and graphing (hybrid procedure)
• Intravascular filter placement
• Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)
• Less-invasive thoracotomy and VATS lobectomy
• Maze procedure
• Minimally invasive endovascular repair
• Open surgical repair
• Pacemaker and automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) lead extractions
• Pacemaker insertion
• Tracheal reconstruction
• Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)
• Video mediastinoscopy

Everybody across the board

They went above and beyond to figure out what was going on and make me feel comfortable.

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ER Wait Times

Information will update every 5 minutes. ER Wait Times are approximate and provided for informational purposes only. Estimated Wait Times as of:  Saturday, September 14, 2024 6:18 AM