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ई-गवर्नेंस पहल

E-ticketing, e-concurrence.

e-Initiative of the Defence Account Department E-Ticketing/ Defence Travel System  

1. Introduction

Defence Accounts Department has been one of the pioneers in adopting and leveraging new and emerging technologies in all areas including Accounting, Internal Audit, and Payment and Financial Advice functions. The purpose is to provide value-added services to the Services in an efficient and effective manner. In furtherance of this objective the Defence Account Department came up with the idea of replacing the existing system of manual railway ticketing on warrants/Form D / concession vouchers with an electronic web-based system not only to address issues related to accounting, audit & monitoring in manual system but also to meet the current requirement of Services in a digitally enabled environment.

2. The Background

3. New Defence Travel System

To mitigate various constraints like time consuming manual process, waste of precious man-hours in visiting the PRS counters, difficulty in tracking of manual warrant, lengthy accounting process, budgeting and monitoring issues and with the aim of providing cashless travel booking facility to the units/formations for their employees’ to meet all their travel needs, a new project  ‘Defence Travel System’ was conceptualized by Defence Accounts Department in as early as 2009 by making use of latest digital technologies. The Defence Travel System was a major and right step in the direction of e-governance and digitization towards which a renewed thrust and focus is being laid by the Govt. of India. The services of DTS are available under DTS Travel portal on 24X7X365 days anywhere in India where this facility has been enabled.

4. Development phases

Keeping in view the resources available, wide changing technology and initial constraints from all stakeholders it was thought to implement the project in phases in the following manner:

• Phase I : Implementation of e-Ticketing platform for three Defence Services for rail travel in lieu of railway warrant.
• Phase II : Extending the system to cover Air Travel.
• Phase III : Extending the system to Defence Civilians
• Phase IV: Online submission of TA/DA Claims

The first phase of the project covering Rail Travel was launched in December 2009 in collaboration with IRCTC. Phase-II covering Air Travel has been launched in May 2015 in collaboration with M/s Balmer & Lawrie Co. Around 3200 units have been issued login IDs for using the system so far and approx   5.10 lakh user profile has been created so far and count on this account is increasing day by day. Further, training is being organized by CGDA at 27 stations across India for all Services in coordination with DG (OL & Strategic Move) in parallel to training at Delhi centre. Extension of the system to defence civilians (Phase-III) is under implementation. As part of the fourth phase of online submission of TA/DA claims, a module for on-line requisitioning of DA advance is being developed which will subsequently be integrated with the Pay Accounts Office for proper accounting and monitoring.

5. Benefits Availability of travel planning and on-line reservation system to Defence personnel in remote and far flung areas of their posting is a widely acceptable benefit that has accrued from the project. It has also saved the time required to visit to PRS counters. Further, audit of the travel entitlement and authorization is automatically carried out before allowing the booking itself and real time accounting is possible as rules and regulations are inbuilt in the system. Proper budgetary control can be exercised and different MIS can be generated for informed decision making. Cash handing is nil as all debits and credits are done through pay bills/ledger accounts and hence, possibility of fraud/wrong claim is also completely eliminated.

7. Security Features Entry to the portal www.pcdatravel.gov.in   is through e-Token only by the authorized user. The domain is not made available to the public and https secured protocol is followed for transmission. Three layers security features are available for role based access into DTS Portal:

• Digital Certificate -Without digital certificate (e-Token), DTS Portal cannot be accessed.
• Login Credentials-Credential needs to be provided before entered into DTS portal.
• Security Question- At third layer security question/answer that is randomly generated is asked from the user. If user is not having actual answer, he cannot login to the site.

Once all the above stated conditions are passed, then only the user will be able to log into the DTS portal. Further, User Audit log (with IP address, time and date stamp) is maintained. Exchange with IRCTC is through SSL. At the time of launching of the system in 2010, security vetting of DTS portal was done by Army Cyber Security Establishment of Army HQ, NTRO and also by Cert-In, the nodal agency of Govt. of India. Presently also, security audit for additional features is in progress.

8. Future of the System             The system has enormous potential as it not only caters for meeting the travel need of Defence Personnel’s and Defence Civilians but also has inbuilt features of accounting, audit, authorization and entitlement checks which facilitate generation of different types of MIS and thus enables rule based decision making at all levels. Once the system for on-line submission of DA advance and subsequently TA/DA adjustment claim is developed and implemented (work for which is in progress), the cumbersome system of manual TA/DA Claim will be eliminated and it will complete the cycle of cashless, error free and transparent system of travelling for all the users. This will also ensure better monitoring of available budget by the management who can plan the travel needs in a more effective manner.

e-Post Audit was conceived as an e-Governance initiative to bridge the IAF-PCDA interface and allow for easy and seamless flow of documents for the activity of post audit. Parallel run of e-Post Audit at both PCDA(AF) Dehradun and JCDA (Nagpur) commenced on 09 December 2013. Formally inaugurated by CGDA in February 2015 e-Post Audit has fully gone online in January 2015 in the office of PCDA (AF) Dehradun and JCDA (Nagpur). e-Audit on IMMOLs is one of the best example of mutual cooperation between service provider i.e PCDA (AF) and user i.e. Air Force.

This IAF-PCDA interface on AFNET allows seamless flow of documents for post audit and dispenses with the printing of auditable documents. Not only does this enable saving a sum of Rs. 5 Crore annually but also invaluable saving of time as the documents are readily available on AFNET in soft format thereby obviating the need for manual handling of documents for next thirty years. Consequentially paperless office will give a healthy work environment to people working in the concerned sections.

e-Concurrence is a facility on IMMOLS System developed by Air Force providing an interface with IFA functionaries to allow online financial concurrence of the cases up to AON stage, without having to refer to physical files at offices of IFAs.

Formal approval of CGDA for e-Concurrence on IMMOLS for processing of cases up to AON stage fully online was given in April, 2015 and since then it has been implemented successfully in the office of IFAs.

As the system provides for complete unhindered access to information, it allows for more comprehensive vetting of proposals. All the previous cases are archived in the system, hence it provides for easy and efficient retrieval of the cases. Most importantly e-Concurrence provides for progression of proposal in an efficient and transparent manner, in digital medium giving total visibility to all.

As per the existing procedure sanction of pensionary benefit are being notified through Pension Payment Order. Under the e-PPO project digitally signed e-PPO in pdf file format and PPO data in xml file format will be sent directly to banks through a Secured File Transfer Protocol (SFTP). This will hasten the timely payment of pensionary entitlement to the Defence Pensioner. This will also eliminate the manual intervention / data entry to a large extent at CPPC level. This initiative will contribute to the government’s commitment to build a Digital India.

Benefits of the ePPO project are timely and correct payment of pension, Enhanced security of PPO and minimum manual intervention and promotion of e-governance.

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Defence Travel System (E-ticketing): Introduction, Users, Features & Audit

Defence Travel System (E-ticketing): Introduction, Users, Features & Audit

No. EDP/600/E-ticketing/LAO

To All PCsDA/CsDA (Through CGDA’s website)

Subject: – Audit of Defence Travel System (E-ticketing): Local Audit Office 

Introduction:

Source: www.cgda.nic.in [http://cgda.nic.in/edp/Audit-DTS-03032016.pdf]

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Travel could be the best defense against aging

Forget about retinol night creams, researchers from Edith Cowan University (ECU) believe travel could be the best way to defy premature ageing.

For the first time, an interdisciplinary study has applied the theory of entropy to tourism, finding that travel could have positive health benefits, including slowing down the signs of ageing.

Entropy is classified as the general trend of the universe towards death and disorder. The entropy perspective suggests that tourism could trigger entropy changes, where positive experiences might mitigate entropy increase and enhance health, while negative experiences may contribute to entropy increase and compromise health.

"Ageing, as a process, is irreversible. While it can't be stopped, it can be slowed down," ECU PhD candidate Ms Fangli Hu said.

Ms Hu noted that positive travel experiences could enhance individuals' physical and mental wellness through exposure to novel environments, engagement in physical activities and social interaction, and the fostering of positive emotions. These potential benefits have been acknowledged through practices such as wellness tourism, health tourism, and yoga tourism.

"Tourism isn't just about leisure and recreation. It could also contribute to people's physical and mental health," Ms Hu added.

Travel therapy: Slowing down the clock

Travel therapy could serve as a groundbreaking health intervention when viewed through an entropy lens, she added. As an important aspect of the environment, positive travel experiences may help the body sustain a low-entropy state by modulating its four major systems.

Tourism typically exposes people to new surroundings and relaxing activities, and novel settings can stimulate stress responses and elevate metabolic rates, positively influencing metabolic activities and the body's self-organising capabilities. These contexts may also trigger an adaptive immune system response.

Ms Hu said that this reaction improves the body's ability to perceive and defend itself against external threats.

"Put simply, the self-defence system becomes more resilient. Hormones conducive to tissue repair and regeneration may be released and promote the self-healing system's functioning."

Leisurely travel activities might help alleviate chronic stress, dampen overactivation of the immune system, and encourage normal functioning of the self-defence system. Engaging in recreation potentially releases tension and fatigue in the muscles and joints. This relief helps maintain the body's metabolic balance and increases the anti-wear-and-tear system's effectiveness. Organs and tissues can then remain in a low-entropy state," Ms Hu explained.

Travel encompasses physical activities such as hiking, climbing, walking, and cycling. Physical exertion can boost metabolism, energy expenditure, and material transformation, all of which help coordinate self-organising systems.

"Participating in these activities could enhance the body's immune function and self-defence capabilities, bolstering its hardiness to external risks. Physical exercise may also improve blood circulation, expedite nutrient transport, and aid waste elimination to collectively maintain an active self-healing system. Moderate exercise is beneficial to the bones, muscles, and joints in addition to supporting the body's anti-wear-and-tear system," Ms Hu said.

On the flip side, the research has pointed out that tourists could face challenges such as infectious diseases, accidents, injuries, violence, water and food safety issues, and concerns related to inappropriate tourism engagement.

"Conversely, tourism can involve negative experiences that potentially lead to health problems, paralleling the process of promoting entropy increase. A prominent example is the public health crisis of COVID-19."

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Story Source:

Materials provided by Edith Cowan University . Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference :

• Fangli Hu, Jun Wen, Danni Zheng, Tianyu Ying, Haifeng Hou, Wei Wang. The Principle of Entropy Increase: A Novel View of How Tourism Influences Human Health . Journal of Travel Research , 2024; DOI: 10.1177/00472875241269892

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